Clicker Training Study Available

This morning I got an email from Karen Pryor about a new training study titled, Clicker Bridging Stimulus Efficacy by Lindsay A. Wood, MA, CTC. The study looked at the difference between a voice marker and another type of marker–in this case the clicker.

A clicker can be more than just a conditioned reinforcer and some of us actually use it as feedback during training. (I’ve written about intermediate bridges and terminal bridges before.)

If you are new to this type of training, a clicker or marker identifies precisely which behavior is the one you want and that it should be done again.

Karen wrote that the event marker was identified by Skinner’s protégé, the late Ogden Lindsley, who used a sound to teach his pet donkey to open a mailbox.

The voice can be a great tool or a problem depending on the emotional status of the trainer. It is used to conveying pleasure, warnings, instructions, cues, and correct responses. As a result of the multiple uses–it does not always result in a very clear word marker because the animal has to sort out what is being conveyed.

Many trainers agree that the “clicker is quicker.”

Recently I had a client whose dog did not differentiate well and who’s social style was one that required small steps before introducing any variations or locations. I put her on a clicker so I could mark the behaviors clearly to overcome the learning hurdle.

The study is the first systematic comparison between these two types of bridging stimuli and it found that there was a decrease of over 1/3 in the required training time and number of required reinforcements for the clicker as compared to the verbal condition group.

From the Clicker Bridging Stimulus Efficacy abstract:

The clicker trained dogs achieved behavior acquisition in significantly (p < .05) fewer minutes and required significantly fewer primary reinforcements than verbal conditioned dogs.

The facilitation of learning provided by the clicker bridging stimulus has important implications for animal training, especially when professionals are confronted with time constraints.

The potential of the clicker stimulus to improve animal learning throughout the entire process of a behavior may not only increase the rate of behavior acquisition, but also reduce animal frustration and further enhance the relationship between trainer and animal.

You can check out the PDF of the clicker bridging stimulus efficacy training study here.

Puppy Socialization: Now Sanctioned

Puppy class photo by Ambie Bambi

In my career I’ve often tested new ideas long before they have become the norm. The challenge has always been to get others on board.

My local community lags behind the rest of the nation when it comes to animal care and training.

Personally, I like to get pups into training and socialization as soon as they arrive in the new household.

Granted, puppy training is a lot more difficult because puppies have the attention span of knats.

In some ways it is easier but in some ways it seems more difficult. However early puppy parenting pays off in the long run.

Unfortunately, most people still follow the pop culture trends of harsher training methods (which I find archaic) and waiting until an animal is an adolescent before they set down any ground rules.

Bad idea.

Who in their right mind waits to teach manners to adolescents?

Some of my colleagues and I conduct in-home private sessions with young pups and then do socializing in areas that pose less risk avoiding dog parks and high traffic areas where exposure to disease is higher.

We’ve used towels as stationing devices, devised covered or fenced areas in public venues, and met in disinfected clinics or pet stores.

My puppy socials always attracted a wide variety of breeds and ages. It is also a good way to teach owners how to manage their animals in a public setting and how to avoid the “dog park gone wild” situations that are becoming more and more prevalent in locations where there is no supervision.

Anyway, my point of this post is to let you know that I was happy to hear that the American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior has taken a position on early socialization BEFORE the puppy vaccination series is complete.

The group agrees that early socialization should start as early as seven or eight weeks of age after they have a least one set of vaccines and a deworming.

To participate in a puppy social these procedures should be done a least a week (seven days) before the first class participation.

As most behaviorists and trainers know, there are critical developmental stages that take place from early puppyhood until about four months of age.

Not having early socialization can escalate phobias that include fear of people, other animals, objects, and different environments and substrates.

I am hoping that more veterinarians adopt to this “new thought” process. It can help prevent issues on the table and in the exam room if done right.

Many of my clients are assigned to go visit the veterinarian to get a pat and a cookie so that they have a better association with the clinic.

One of my clients proudly reported that her dog is the only well behaved animal in the waiting room. He also cooperates for every procedure.

Hopefully, those pups who present problems at an early age (growling and nipping for instance) can also get the schooling to prevent those problems from escalating.

Many of us believe that early pet parenting will help clients become more compliant and motivate them to continue those efforts that are benefit their pet.

If you are interested you can read the puppy socialization statement at the American Veterinary Society of Animal Behavior.